Coverage and Energy Efficiency Optimization for Randomly Deployed Multi-Tier Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks

In this study, a novel multi-tier framework is proposed for randomly deployed WMSNs. Low cost directional Passive Infrared Sensors (PIR sensors) are randomly deployed across a Region of Interest (RoI), which are activated according to the  Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm proposed for coverage optimization. The proposed DE and the Genetic Algorithms are applied to optimize the coverage maximization using minimum sensors. Results obtained using the two approaches are tested and compared. Only the scalar sensors that are yielded by the coverage optimization process are kept active throughout the network lifetime while the multimedia sensors are kept in silent. When an event is detected by a scalar sensor, the corresponding multimedia sensor(s), in whose effective coverage field of view (FoV) that the target falls, is then activated to capture the event (target point/scene). The analysis of the network total energy expenditure and a comparison of the proposed framework to current approaches and frameworks is made. Simulation results show that the proposed architecture achieves a remarkable network lifetime prolongation while extending the coverage area

A Survey of multimedia streaming in wireless sensor networks: progress, issues and design challenges

Advancements in Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology have enabled Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) to gather, process and transport multimedia (MM) data as well and not just limited to handling ordinary scalar data anymore. This new generation of WSN type is called Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs). Better and yet relatively cheaper sensors that are able to sense both scalar data and multimedia data with more advanced functionalities such as being able to handle rather intense computations easily have sprung up. In this paper, the applications, architectures, challenges and issues faced in the design of WMSNs are explored. Security and privacy issues, over all requirements, proposed and implemented solutions so far, some of the successful achievements and other related works in the field are also highlighted. Open research areas are pointed out and a few solution suggestions to the still persistent problems are made, which, to the best of my knowledge, so far have not been explored yet